1、35kV无人值守变电站电气部分设计 摘 要随着国民生活水平的提高，大量新型用电设备涌现在国民的日常生活中，用电器的数量及种类对电能的质量提出了更高的要求。在国民畅享科技进步的同时，还须确保电力系统能够安全、可靠、优质、经济的运行。因此，必须提高电力网络供电可靠性和发电设备利用率，改善电力系统运行状况，满足经济性和稳定性的要求。本设计的目的是设计一座需要新建35KV变电站，以满足某地区的发展需求。设计以实际负荷为依据，以变电所的预期运行方式为基础，按照国家有关规定和规范，完成了满足该地区供电要求的35kV变电所初步设计。首先，通过分析几种典型主接线设计方案及特点，总结比较各种典型主接线方案的运行
2、灵活性和供电可靠性，确定了该35kV 智能变电站的主接线方式，依据电力系统变电站建设要求，主变压器选择要求和绥中变电站供电区域负荷现状、负荷预测、用户对供电可靠性的要求，确定了主变压器台数、容量和型号。其次，通过短路电流计算，对变电站主要电气设备进行选择，并校验其热稳定和动稳定。并对该35kV 变电站防雷及接地进行设计和校验；最后，对该35kv的二次系统进行设计。本文讨论和分析了数字化变电站建设中的相关理论,并试图把这些理论运用到现今实际变电站的建设中,以便加强数字化变电站理论和实际工程之间的相互联系。随着智能化的电气开关发展,尤其是非常规互感器、智能断路器等新型技术的发展,变电站自动化的水平
3、不断提高,初步进入了数字化的时代。关键词：35KV变电站，负荷计算，短路电流，设备选择，防雷保护- V -System Design For The Electrical Part Of Unattended Substation Of 35kV AbstractWith the improvement of national living standard, a large number of new type electrical equipment emerge in national daily life, which put forward a higher request to t
4、he quality of power. When national are enjoying the technology progress, we must ensure that electric power system can be run safely, reliably, high-quality, and reasonably. As a result, we must improve the reliability of electricity network supply and the utilization of power generation equipment,
5、and make better the power system operating conditions, in order to meet the requirements of the economy and stability.The purpose of this design is to design a new 35 kv substation, in order to satisfy the demands of the development of a region. The 35 kv substation preliminary design which satisfie
6、s the requirement of power supply in this region was based on the actual load and forecast operation mode of the substation, and in accordance with the relevant provisions of the state and specifications.First, through analysising several typical characteristics of main electrical connection scheme,
7、 summary of comparison of various typical operational flexibility and reliability of main electrical connection scheme, determine the main electrical connection scheme of this 35kV intelligent substation. According to the electric power system substations construction requirements, selection require
8、ments and the power substation main transformer load status, load forecasting, user requirements for reliability, determine the number, capacity and type of main transformer. Secondly, by short circuit current calculations, to select the main electric substation equipment, and verify its thermal sta
9、bility and dynamic stability and this 35kV substation lightning protection and grounding design and validation. Finally, designing the secondary electric system of this 35kV substation.This article discusses and analyzes the related theory in the construction of digital substation, and try to apply
10、these theories to the current actual substation construction, in order to strengthen the digital substation connected between the theory and practical engineering. With the development of intelligent electrical switches, especially the unconventional development of new technologies, such as transfor
11、mer, intelligent circuit breaker, substation automation level unceasing enhancement, the preliminary into the digital era.Keywords：35KV substation， load calculation， short-circuit current， equipment selection， lightning protection目 录摘 要IAbstractII1前言11.1研究的目的与意义11.2国内外研究现状11.3设计(论文)的主要研究内容22负荷分析32.1
12、负荷的分级32.2负荷计算32.2.1负荷计算方法42.2.2负荷的计算43主变压器选择63.1主变压器的选择原则63.2主变压器台数的选择63.3主变压器容量的选择73.4主变压器冷却方式选择73.5主变压器型式的选择84电气主接线设计94.1电气主接线设计的设计原则94.2电气主接线设计的基本要求94.2.1可靠性94.2.2灵活性104.2.3经济性104.3主接线的一般接线形式104.3.1单母线接线104.3.2单母线分段接线104.3.3双母线接线114.3.4双母线分段接线114.3.5桥形接线114.4主接线方案的选定125短路电流计算135.1短路故障产生的原因135.2短路
13、电流计算的目的135.3短路电流计算的基本要求135.4短路电流计算的步骤155.5短路电流计算156主要电气设备的选择和校验226.1电气设备的选择基本要求226.2断路器的选择236.2.1断路器的选择条件246.2.2断路器的选择和校验256.3隔离开关的选择266.3.1隔离开关的配置266.3.2隔离开关的选择计算276.4母线的选择276.4.1母线选择基本要求276.4.2母线的选择计算296.5互感器的选择316.5.1电流互感器316.5.1.1电流互感器的选择316.5.2电压互感器336.6支柱绝缘子的选择336.6.135kV侧的选择336.6.210kV侧的选择346
14、.7配电装置的选择346.7.1配电装置的设计原则346.7.2配电装置形式的选择356.8所用变压器的选择356.9主要电气设备选择结果367变电站防雷接地设计387.1避雷针的保护范围387.2避雷器的选择原则407.3变电站过电压保护407.4避雷针保护范围计算417.5接地装置设置428变电所综合自动化系统的设计438.1综合自动化系统概述438.1.1综合自动化系统的概念438.1.2综合自动化系统的基本要求与特征438.1.2.1综合自动化系统的基本要求438.1.2.2综合自动化系统的基本特征448.1.3综合自动化系统的功能和组成448.1.3.1综合自动化系统的主要功能448
15、.1.3.2变电站综合自动化系统的子系统组成458.1.4综合自动化系统的硬件结构458.1.5变电站综合自动化的数据通讯与网络468.1.5.1变电站综合自动化系统的数据通信468.1.5.2变电站综合自动化系统的通信网络468.1.5.3PROFIBUS现场总线技术的应用468.2变电站综合自动化系统的结构设计478.3微机保护的设计508.3.1主变压器保护508.3.1.1保护配置508.3.1.2差动保护508.3.1.3瓦斯保护528.3.2微机线路保护538.3.2.1线路三段式电流保护各段保护范围538.3.2.2线路三段式电流保护动作电流的整定548.4自动控制559总结56参考文献57致谢58附录- 1 - 35kV
