1、 摘要摘要在生产生活中，空气湿度具有重要的影响，在我国南方地区，夏季的空气湿度很大，这就会引起衣物潮湿，机器设备和钢铁产品腐蚀、食品腐烂、人们感觉闷热难受，而且容易引起风湿、呼吸系统等疾病，影响了人民的正常生活。而在一些要求比较高的场合，比如精密仪器室，湿度的增加会影响仪器仪表的使用寿命和正常的工作。因此，随着世界经济的不断发展和人民生活水平的不断提高，人们的消费观念也在不断的更新，对舒适性的要求越来越高，除湿机也逐渐地走入家庭，成为许多家庭中不可或缺的一员。随着工艺水平及要求的提高，空气除湿等环境控制技术的发展显得尤为重要，而除湿机也应运而生并以其独特的优势而拥有非常广阔的市场前景。除湿机一
2、般可分为家用除湿机和工业除湿机两大类，广泛地应用于机械制造、光学仪器、电子、食品、化学、医药等生产领域.目前，空气除湿主要有四种方法，即升温通风除湿、冷却除湿、液体吸湿剂除湿和固体吸附剂除湿，而在空调除湿工程中，冷却除湿和固体吸附除湿是主要手段，其中冷却除湿是最早且被广泛使用的一种除湿方式， 它是利用制冷系统中的蒸发器蒸发吸热的特点,吸收湿空气中的热量,使湿空气中水气结露而析出水分,从而达到除湿的目的.整个系统的除湿能力取决于蒸发器的传热效果、传热面积和制冷压缩机的功率.因除湿的方法不同，除湿机又可分为不同的种类，其中冷冻除湿机能耗小，除湿效果好、房间相对湿度下降快、运行费用低、不要求热源、也
3、可不需要冷却水、操作方便、使用灵活、易于控制等优点，所以应用十分广泛。除湿机与空调器的结构大致相同，包括压缩机、蒸发器、冷凝器、膨胀阀、通风机等几个部分主要，不同之处是，空调器室内外要使用两台风机，分别进行热交换，而除湿机是在一个风机的作用下，湿空气与蒸发器、冷凝器进行热交换。 除湿机由制冷系统和送风系统组成。在制冷系统中，压缩机压缩出来的高温高压制冷剂气体进入冷凝器，将热量传给空气后，冷凝成常温高压液体，经毛细管（膨胀阀）节流后进入蒸发器，吸收通过蒸发器的空气中的热量，变成低温低压气体，被吸入压缩机进行压缩，如此往复循环。送风系统：湿空气被吸入后，在蒸发器被冷却到露点温度以下，析出凝结水，绝
4、对含湿量下降，再进入再热器，吸收制冷剂的热量而升温，相对湿度降低，由送风机送入房间。关键词：除湿机 蒸发器 冷凝器 压缩机 IAbstract In the production life , the air humidity have an important impact .In the southern of China , the summer air is very humid , it getting clothing wet , machinery and steel products corrosion , food perishable , people feeling ho
5、t and uncomfortable , and easily leading to some diseases like rheumatology and respiratory diseases , affecting the normal life of the people . And , in some high demand situations , such as precision instrument rooms, the increasing of humidity will properly affect the instruments life and work .
6、Thus, with the continuous improvement of the world economy and peoples living standards , peoples consumption concept and demand for comfort are constantly updated , and dehumidifiers also gradually into the home, as many families indispensable one . With the development of technology standards and
7、the increasing of requirements , air dehumidification and other environmental control technology are particularly important, and dehumidifiers have emerged and have a very broad market prospects for its unique advantages. Dehumidifiers generally can be divided into household and industrial dehumidif
8、ier two categories, widely used in machinery, optical instruments, electronics, food , chemical , pharmaceutical production areas .Currently , there are four air dehumidification methods, namely heating ventilation dehumidification, cooling and dehumidification, liquid and solid adsorbent dehumidifi
9、cation , and in the air conditioning engineering , cooling and solid adsorbent dehumidification are the primary means, by which , the cooling and dehumidifying is the earliest and widely used dehumidification method , and it uses the endothermic evaporation characteristics of the the refrigeration s
10、ystem evaporator .absorbing the heat of the wet air, making water vapor condensated and precipitation of water ,achieving the purpose of dehumidification .Dehumidification capacity of the entire system depends on the evaporator heat transfer effect, heat transfer area and the refrigerant of the comp
11、ressor power . Due to different methods dehumidification , dehumidifiers can be divided into different categories , in which , refrigeration dehumidifier has low energy consumption, better dehumidification effect, the room relative humidity decreasing fast, low operating costs, and it does not requi
12、re heat, cooling water, operating easily, flexible, controlling easily, etc. , so it is widely used , defense engineering , civil air defense projects , various warehouses, libraries, archives, underground engineering , electronics, precision machining , medicine, food , agriculture seed storage , t
13、he mining industry workshops and other places can use dehumidifiers . Dehumidifier and air conditioner have substantially the same structure , comprising several parts of the compressor , evaporator , condenser , expansion valve, etc. , except that the air conditioner should use both indoor and outd
14、oor fans, exchange the heat respectively, but the heat exchange occurs in dehumidifier under action of a fan is between moist air and the evaporator, a condenser .Dehumidification capacity of the entire system depends on the evaporator heat transfer effect, heat transfer area and the refrigerant of
15、the compressor power . Due to different methods dehumidification , dehumidifiers can be divided into different categories , in which , refrigeration dehumidifier has low energy consumption, better dehumidification effect, the room relative humidity decreasing fast, low operating costs, and it does n
16、ot require heat, cooling water, operating easily, flexible, controlling easily, etc. , so it is widely used .Dehumidifier and air conditioner have substantially the same structure , comprising several parts of the compressor , evaporator , condenser , expansion valve, etc. , except that the air conditioner should use both indoor and outdoor fans, exchange the heat respectively, but the heat exchange occurs i
