1、挖掘机工作装置结构设计摘 要：作为挖掘机的一个重要组成部分，工作装置的研究与控制是整机开发的基础。本次论文主要是对由动臂、连杆、斗杆、铲斗、销轴等机构组成的挖掘机工作装置进行设计。设计的主要参数是斗容量 0.9 m3,它属于中型液压挖掘机。该机构的主要特点为：各部件之间的连接全部采用铰接，通过油缸的伸缩来实现挖掘工作中的各种动作。动臂的小铰点与回转平台铰接，并以动臂油缸来支撑和改变动臂的倾角，通过动臂油缸的伸缩可使动臂绕小铰点转动而升降。斗杆铰接于动臂的上端，斗杆与动臂的相对位置由斗杆油缸来控制，当斗杆油缸伸缩时，斗杆便可绕动臂上铰点转动。通过现场测绘获得工作装置大体数据，然后结合力学知识分析
2、计算得到基本尺寸，最后用 CAD等软件绘制相应的工程图。关键词：液压挖掘机 ，反铲工作装置，结构设计Excavator working device structure designAbstract：As an important component of excavator, research and control of working deviceis the basis for development of the whole machine. This thesis mainly consists of movablearm, connecting rod, bucket rod,
3、bucket, composed of institutions such as pin excavatorworking device was designed. The main design parameters of the bucket capacity is 0.9 m3,It belongs to the medium of hydraulic excavator. The main characteristic of the agency :The connection between various components are all made of articulated
4、, through theextension of the oil cylinder to realize all kinds of action in the work of mining. Smallhinge boom is hinged with the rotating platform, and with the boom cylinder to support andchange the angle of the boom, through the telescopic boom cylinder can make moving armaround small hinge poi
5、nt rotation and lifting. The bucket rod hinged on the top of themovable arm, the relative position of the bucket rod and movable arm is controlled by thebucket rod oil cylinder, when the bucket rod oil cylinder telescopic, bucket arm can rotatearound the hinge point on the boom. Through the field wo
6、rk of surveying and mapping canget the general data of the working device, then combine mechanics analysis andcalculation to get the basic dimensions, finally, draw the corresponding engineeringdrawing with CAD software.Keywords: Hydraulic excavator, Backhoe working device, Structure designI目 录1 前 言
7、.11.1 课题背景及目的.11.2 国内外研究现状.11.3 论文研究方法.21.4 论文构成及研究内容.22 总体方案设计.32.1 工作装置构成.32.2 动臂及斗杆的结构形式.52.3 动臂油缸与铲斗油缸的布置.52.4 铲斗与铲斗油缸的连接方式.62.5 铲斗的结构选择.62.6 原始几何参数的确定.73 工作装置运动学分析.93.1 动臂运动分析.93.2 斗杆的运动分析.103.3 铲斗的运动分析.113.4 特殊工作位置计算.154 基本尺寸的确定.184.1 斗形参数的确定.184.2 动臂机构参数的选择.184.2.1 1 与 A 点坐标的选取.184.2.2 l1 与 l2 的选择.194.2.3 l41 与 l42 的计算.194.2.4 l5 的计算.194.3 动臂机构基本参数的校核.214.3.1 动臂机构闭锁力的校核.214.3.2 满斗处于最大挖掘半径时动臂油缸提升力
