1、翻译部分EnglishUnder high stress soft crag mine pit tunnel supports and protectionsAbstractAlong with the coal mine mining depth unceasing increase, the mine shaft coal mine tunnel will be in the higher crustal stress environment, especially in the geologic structure activity intense area, the mine shaf
2、t tunnel supports and protections and the stability guaranteed even more with difficulty.Studies under the high crustal stress soft crag environment the tunnel science supports and protections way is guarantees the coal mine excavation depth portion coal bed the key.And formed the condition on the h
3、igh stress soft crag basic concept to carry on the discussion, in grasped the high stress soft crag tunnel the distortion characteristic and in the supports and protections principle foundation, take the cotton rose mining area white bright coal mine mine shaft high stress soft crag tunnel supports
4、and protections as the object, has conducted the research and the practice to 3 different supports and protections ways, finally indicated the reservation just the crack supple level supports and protections way for best suited under the high stress soft crag condition the tunnel supports and protec
5、tions way.Keywords: High stress; Soft crag tunnel; Union supports and protections; Reservation just crack supple level supports and protectionsAlong with the coal mine mining depth unceasing increase, the mine shaft tunnel will be in the higher crustal stress environment, in the geologic structure a
6、ctivity intense area, the relict structure stress quite will be especially big, the rock mechanical properties have also had the change, the result have brought the very great difficulty for the coal mine tunnel supports and protections and the stability, thus will become restricts the coal mine ent
7、erprise to the depth portion mining bottleneck. Therefore, studies under the high crustal stress soft crag environment the tunnel science supports and protections way is guaranteed the mine pit excavation depth portion coal bed the key, take the cotton rose mining area white bright coal mine high st
8、ress soft crag tunnel as the object of study, has conducted the research and the practice to its supports and protections way, obtained has suited under this condition the tunnel best supports and protections way, might profits from for the similar tunnel supports and protections and the maintenance
9、.1 high stress soft crag and forms the condition1.1 high stress soft crag conceptSince long ago rock mechanics and the engineering have still not achieved mutual recognition on the soft crag concept, some people believed that, meets kind of special rock mass frequently in the high crustal stress are
10、a, when it is in the surface shallow or under the low crustal stress condition, the rock mass demonstrates the hard characteristic; When is in the high crustal stress environment, when encircles presses lowly, the rock mass still has the high intensity and the elasticity coefficient。Obviously, it is
11、 different with in the general sense the soft crag, is one kind special, under the high stress environment project soft rock mass, calls this kind of soft crag the high stress soft crag.1. 2 high stress soft crags form the conditionThrough the analysis, the condition which the high stress soft crag
12、forms is:1）besides the few rocks for the weak rock, composes the high stress soft crag the majority rocks for the hard rock。2）The rock mass is stave, intensity and elasticity coefficient relative low, rheological propertyless.Because the high crustal stress environment causes to excavate front the r
13、ock mass to be in Gao Weiya the environment, the rock mass structural plane is at the closed position, is stable, also has certain intensity and the module; After excavates the adjacent formation to be in encircles lowly presses the environment, the structural plane not not closed, the rock mass int
14、ensity and the module are low.3) the burying depth big, the horizontal stress is bigger than the dead weight stress.Looked from the present nation coal mine mining depth, has the stress by the dead weight to be insufficient to enable the rock mass to achieve the high stress condition, only then is v
15、ery big in the burying depth also the horizontal tectonic stress has and is bigger than under the dead weight stress condition, can enable the rock mass to achieve the high stress condition.2 high stress soft crag tunnel distortion characteristicOnce the high stress soft crag forms, the tunneling tu
16、nnel and mountain cave the room demonstrated in these soft rock masses distortion characteristic and the hard crag tunnel entirely different, the concrete manifestation is:1) the adjacent formation amount of deformity is big.High stress soft crag own characteristic had decided this region tunnel amount of deformity major characteristic, in which tunnel level restraining quantity must have to be much bigger than the arch submersion quantity.Is general
