1、Mining Science and Technology - Wang, Ge & Guo (eds.)(c) 2004 Taylor& Francis Group, London, ISBN 04 1536 1443Research and practice of unmanned mining face with full mechanized plowGuobing Liu & Hongmei LiNorth China Institute of Science and TechnologyDongcai LiuTiefa Coal Mining Group Ltd Co.ABSTRA
2、CT: The unmanned face mining is an important way to deal with tile mining technique for the thin coal seam. Because such the problems as the root-control and the automatic control of the safe equipment have not been solved, the development of the unmanned mining face has been protected. China is the
3、 first country to realize unmanned mining with the full-mechanized plow successfully. The roof control, the safe equipment autoimmunization control and the thin or low seam producing realized efficiently. It pushes the development and progress of the unmanned mining technology in china and lays the
4、foundation for tick or medium-thick coal seam mining with full-mechanized unmanned working face.1 ANALYSIS OF THE PRESHNT CONIDITION OF THE THIN COAL SEAM MINING TECHNOLOGYCoal is tile primary energy source ill China. China is rich in coal resources and has possessed about 770 billion tons of explor
5、ed reserves. But the conditions of coal reserve are quite various - thin seam, thick seam and medium-thickness seam. The inclinations are very different - near level seam, pitching seam and steep seam. The distribution of thin coal seam is very wide in China. Among 95 key coal bureaus in China, 445
6、coalmines of 80 coal Bureaus are rich in thin coal seam, which occupies 17.76% of the total reserves. The state-owned key coalmines deposit 2.529 billion tons. The thin coal seam resources are relatively concentrated in Shanxi, Hebei, Sichuan, Inner Mongolia, Guizhou, Northeast and Chongqing Coal Co
7、mpany (Liu 2001).The mining of thin coal seam has been an important subject. People try to find a proper technology for mechanized mining thin coal seam and expect to realize safe and high production with high efficiency. Mining thin seam with the shearer is a major method. There are about 20 kinds
8、of different shearers which mainly belong to two types of the shearers: the conveyor-mounted shearer and the off-pan shearer. The shearers used in Jixi, Shuangyashan, Qitaihe and Kailuan Coal Bureau are effective, but they are low in power and the production efficiency and the mining safety cannot b
9、e guaranteed. The full mechanized mining used thin coal seam has been developed in China. But there are some following problems for thin coal seam mining, such as: small working; large capacity, high safety, small in size, simple structure, good adaptability to various roof and floor and high automa
10、tization for the shearer, reducing the height between the roof and the floor; enlarging space for working; ensuring mine ventilation. Therefore, thin seam mining is still unsatisfied.Mining coal with the plow is an ideal mining technique for the thin and the thinnest coal seam. Since 1965, there hav
11、e been four types of plows developed in China. They are type MB J, type HI - 26 drag-hook plow, type T11 - 26 sliding plow and a few scraper plows. They were used effectively in Xuzhou. Fengcheng, Handan, Hancheng, Huainan. Hegang and Jixi, etc, (Liu 1995).At about the middle of 1960s, China introdu
12、ced the Reisshaken Type D drag-hook plow made in Germany. In 1968, it was used in Pingyi Coal Mine in which coal height is averagely 1.8 m. It obtained 30000 tons per month and the work efficiency 10 t/per man. In 1978, the Mega Type 3G drag-hook plow was put into use in Xinzhuangzi coal mine in Hua
13、inan and also gamed good efficiency. In 1979, China introduced the type 8-30 sliding plow. It was used in coal seam of 1.8 m in Qishan. Xuzhou Coal Bureau which obtained 30656 tons per month in the first half of 1981 and 34357 tons per month in the second half of t 1982.At the same time, the plow al
14、so was used in Jiahe Coal Mine, Xuzhou Coal Bureau and got good effect. But there is still a big gap to reach high production and efficiency.In 20th century, tile plow mining technology in China lagged behind and was equivalent to the technology level of 1950-60s. The power of the plow was small, th
15、e tramming speed was slow, the breaking strength of the plow chain was not big, its structure was not perfect and cannot ensure the plowing depth, and also the operation resistance was large. Because of without balanced control in the plow body, the coal production and plowing area were limited when
16、 the plowing climbed up or penetrated into the floor.2 ANALYSIS OF THE KEY TECHNOLOGY OF UNMANNED MINING FACEThe unmanned mining is one of the effective methods for the thin or thinnest coal seam. It can improve the poor mining conditions and safety problems for the miners, meanwhile, it can increase the coal productivity. So many countries pay regard to it. But the unmanned mining technology still had some unsolved problems in 20th Century.The unmanned mi
