1、外文资料翻译资料来源：文章名：Mechanical knowledge书刊名：Mechanical knowledge作 者：John R. Clark出版社：天津大学出版社，2002章 节：1.2 Mechanical knowledge页 码：P12P17文 章 译 名： 机械的认识 姓 名： 学 号： 指导教师(职称)： 专 业： 班 级： 所 在 学 院： Mechanical knowledge For mechanical when I first heard the term heart is not very clear its definition includes at t
2、his time also dare not say completely understanding, thought for a long time think that machinery is human in order to adapt to the natural environment and the invention created, at the same time in order to adapt to the changes in the natural and social development and creation and development of a
3、 science. But may not be true, in the online check definition of machinery is the device which uses the principle of mechanics, machinery British scientist Willis gives the definition is any machines are connected by a variety of different ways of a group member composition, the movement of the whol
4、e component and other components will occur a certain movement, the nature of the relationship between these components and the original motion component is determined is connected between them, the German machinery reuleaux that machinery is more with the combination of resistance to the object, th
5、e allocation makes can help they force nature of mechanical force acting, accompanied by a certain movement. Total of humans to use machinery makes some work has become more time-saving. Now the machinery to help people completed complex boring work such as mechanical hand, CNC machine tools, such a
6、s, at the same time some simple mechanical life is essential items, such as the forceps, hammer, chopsticks, and so on, looking ahead in our life of each one seemed to see the mechanical figure, watches, cars, computers, fan and so on. People seem to live in a world of machinery.For the development
7、of our country mechanical I think is full of twists and turns and radical, China machinery development is divided into three stages: the first is a long development period, the traditional, and in this period for a long period of time are in a leading position in the world, but due to late take the
8、inappropriate measures began to lag behind that of western countries. Two is the development of Chinas modern mechanical engineering period, this period is mainly due to the lack of good foundation, so the progress is slow. The third period is the period of modern mechanical development, because Chi
9、na and the western countries produced a huge difference, in our country, some of the advanced molecular insight into the importance of the development of mechanical, it is more to the development of machinery industry, so this period machinery industry began rapid development, even beyond the develo
10、pment trend of the western countries.The traditional development period is the first period of the development of Chinas machinery. However, the use of stone, bronze and iron marks our traditional machine into a new period. With the development of history, the experience of various dynasties rise an
11、d demise, according to different production methods of different dynasties, peoples labor tool also began to use iron products, also means that the development of machinery industry in a wide range of the. Until the back of the Tang Dynasty, Chinas machinery into a period of time, especially in the
12、field of water conservancy has a new development,. To the Ming and Qing Dynasties, has been a high level of mechanical manufacturing. Heavenly Creations is a witness of the mechanical technology, which records a lot of mechanical manufacturing and product performance, and the performance and specifi
13、cations of the important means of transport records. Also laid the foundation for the later development of the mechanical industry. The modern mechanical development history, especially from the beginning of eighteenth Century to 1840s, due to the social economy and many other reasons, it is very di
14、fficult in this period. So that the development of the machinery industry is stagnant. In this period, the western bourgeois political revolution and the industrial revolution, the rapid development in the field of machinery, technology has been far ahead of Chinas level. The rise of the Westernizat
15、ion Movement marks the modern machinery industry has begun to gradually develop, and opened the machinery manufacturing schools and machinery manufacturing plant. This series of reforms in China has made a new breakthrough in the field of machinery. In the period of Republic of China, China to start their own factories also have better equipment, basically can also copy some of the technical content of high and large machinery, and the rapid development of private machinery factory, reflects the Chinese machinery began to enter a new stage. However, due to th
