1、摘 要乌溪江水电站坐落于浙江省乌溪江,湖南镇,属于梯级开发电站,根据地形要求,其开发方式为有压引水式。坝区地质条件较好,主要建筑物(混凝土非溢流坝),泄水建筑物(混凝土溢流坝),引水建筑物(有压引水遂洞,调压室),地面厂房。水库校核洪水位240.250m(万年一遇),相应的下泄流量10600m3/s;设计洪水位238m(千年一遇),相应的下泄流量4800m3/s;设计蓄水位230.0m。本设计确定坝址位于山前峦附近,非溢流坝坝顶高程242m,坝底高程112.00m,最大坝高130m,上游折坡坡度为1:0.2,下游坝坡坡度为1:0.8,溢流坝堰顶高程223m。引水隧洞进口位于坝址上游凹口处,遂洞
2、全长1100m。洞径8.4 m,调压室位于厂房上游250m左右处,高程250m的山峦上,型式为差动式。厂房位于下游狄青位置。设计水头94.92m,装机容量44.8 =19.2万kw,主厂房总宽16m,总长61.8m。水轮机安装高程115.88 m,水轮机层地面高程118.77m,发电机层高程125.82m,装配场层与发电机层同高,,高低于下游校核洪水位130.4m,故须在下游设挡水墙。厂房附近布置开关站,主变等。受地形限制,尾水平台兼作公路用,坝址与厂区通过盘山公路连接,形成枢纽体系。另外,本设计还对调压室结构计算并绘制了调压室布置图。关键词:水利枢纽;挡水建筑物;泄水建筑物;稳定;应力;水轮
3、机;选型;引水隧洞;调压室;厂房。AbstractThe Wuxijiang hydropower station is located in HuNan Town in ZheJiang province ,which belongs to a chain of exploitation .According to the demand of topographic form ,I choose diversion hydropower station . The geology condition is good .The main construction conclude the wa
4、ter retaining structure (the concrete non over-fall dam) ,the release works (the concrete over fall dam) ,the diversion structure (pressure seepage tunnel ,the surge-chamber ) ,and the surface power station .The check level is 240.25m ,its corresponding flow is 10600m3/s . The design water level is
5、238 m ,its corresponding flow amount is 4800 m3/s. The regular water retaining level is 230m .The dam site is near the former saddle .The crest elevation of the non-over-fall dam is 242 m ,and the base elevation is 112.0m ,The max height of the dam is 130m , The upstream dam slope is 1:0.2 ,the down
6、stream dam slop is 1:0.8 ,the spillway crest elevation is 223m .The inducer of the seepage tunnel is located at the recess place ,The length of tunnel is 1100m ,the diametric of which is 8.4 m .The surge-chamber is located at the mountain , which is 250m from the work shop building and is type is di
7、fferential motion.The workshop building is located at downstream ,the design level of the turbine is 94.92 m , the equipped capacitor is 44.8 =19.2kw ,the clean width is 16m , its whole length is 61.8m . The fix level of the turbine is 115.88 m , the height of hydraulic trbine is 118.77m, and the he
8、ight of dynamo is 121.77m , the level of the adjustment bay is 125.82 m,too (higher than the downstream water level 130.4m) . So it is necessary to set up in the lower reaches of the retaining wall.Near the workshop building , there are switch station and the main transformer and so on .In addition,
9、 the design structure of the surge tank is also calculated and plotted the surge tank layoutKey words: water control; water retaining structures; discharge structure; stability; stress; turbine; selection; diversion tunnel; surge chamber; plant.目 录摘 要1Abstract2第1章 设计基本资料11.1 地理位置11.2 水文与气象11.2.1水文条件
10、11.2.2气象条件31.3工程地质41.4当地建筑材料51.5既给设计控制数据5第二章 水能规划62.1特征水头Hmax、Hmin、Hr选择62.1.1 Hmax 的可能出现情况62.1.2 Hmin 的可能出现情况72.1.3 平均水头的确定72.1.4设计水头的确定82.2 水轮机选型比较82.2.1 HL200型水轮机方案主要参数选择82.2.2 HL180型水轮机方案主要参数选择122.2.3 HL220型水轮机方案主要参数选择152.2.4三种方案的比较分析18第三章 水电站厂房193.1厂房内部结构193.1.1 发电机外形尺寸估算193.1.2 发电机重量估算223.1.3 水
11、轮机蜗壳及尾水管223.1.4调速设备253.1.5水轮机阀门及其附件273.1.6 起重机设备选择283.2主厂房尺寸293.2.1长度293.2.2 宽度313.2.3 厂房各层高程确定313.3 厂区布置34第四章 枢纽布置、挡水及泄水建筑物354.1建筑物等级确定354.2枢纽布置354.2.1枢纽布置形式354.2.2坝轴线位置比较选择354.3混凝土非溢流坝354.3.1剖面设计354.3.2稳定与应力校核384.3.3 细部构造424.4 混凝土溢流坝434.4.1 溢流坝孔口尺寸的确定434.4.2 溢流坝堰顶高程的确定444.4.3 闸门的选择444.4.4 溢流坝剖面454
12、.4.5 溢流坝稳定验算48第五章 水电站引水建筑物505.1 引水隧洞整体布置505.2 引水隧洞细部构造505.3拦污栅的设计525.4压力钢管设计53第六章 专题 调压室设计546.1 调压室功用546.2 设置调压室的条件546.3 调压室的稳定断面546.4调压室设计方法和较核洪水位及低水位引水道水头损失596.4.1调压室设计方法596.4.2较核洪水位引水道水头损失596.4.3低水位引水道水头损失606.5调压室方案比较616.5.1简单式调压室616.5.2差动式调压室636.5.3阻抗式调压室676.6 调压室方案比较成果696.6.1简单式调压室具体布置参数696.6.2
13、差动式调压室具体布置参数696.6.3阻抗式调压室具体布置参数706.6.4 调压室比较及说明70参考文献7171第1章 设计基本资料1.1 地理位置乌溪江属衢江支流,发源于闽、浙、赣三省交界的仙霞岭,于衢县樟树潭附近流入衢江,全长170公里,流域面积2623平方公里。流域内除黄坛口以下属衢江平原外,其余均属山区、森林覆盖面积小,土层薄,地下渗流小,沿江两岸岩石露头,洪水集流迅速,从河源至黄坛口段,河床比降为1/1000,水能蕴藏量丰富。流域内已建成两座水电站,第一级为狄青水电站,坝址位于衢县境内乌溪江区山前峦处,坝址以上流域面积为2151平方公里。第二级为黄坛口水电站,坝址位于衢县黄坛口公社
14、。坝址以上流域面积为2328平方公里。1.2 水文与气象1.2.1水文条件山前峦坝址断面处多年平均径流量为83.0m3/s。表1-1坝址断面处山前峦水位流量关系水位(m)122.71123.15123.5124.04125.4126.6128.5流量(m3/s)105010020050010002000水位(m)130.1132.6135.3137.6139.8141.8流量(m3/s)300050007500100001250015000图1-1 坝址断面处山前峦水位流量关系曲线表1-2 电站厂房处狄青水位流量关系水位(m)115115.17115.39115.57115.72115.871
15、16流量(m3/s)1020406080100120水位(m)116.13116.25116.37116.47117.05117.9118.5流量(m3/s)1401601802004007001000水位(m)119.45120.3121.97123.2125.65127.8129.8流量(m3/s)15002000300040006000800010000图1-2 坝址断面处狄青水位流量关系曲线1.2.2气象条件乌溪江流域属副热带季风气候,多年平均气温10.4,月平均最低气温4.9,最高气温28。多年平均降雨为1710mm ,雨量年内分配极不均匀,4、5、6三个月属梅雨季节,降雨量占全年的50%左