1、摘要本设计对位于我国西南地区的某水利枢纽进行了以坝工为重点的工程设计。经过对几种可建造坝型的经济比较估算，最终选择建造高碾压混凝土重力坝。溢洪道为河川水利枢纽中必备的泄水建筑物，用以排泄水库不能容纳的多余洪水量，保证枢纽挡水建筑物及其它有关建筑物的安全运行。重力坝通常设置坝顶溢洪道。入库设计洪水的选择和确定，必须在充分研究流域水文因素的基础上进行，然后才能确定溢洪道尺寸。对于过坝水流的调泄，需要有合理审慎的设计， 以避免生命财产的损失。本次设计的调洪演算在基于水量平衡的基础上，采用列表试算法，在可行的几种泄流方案中，择优选出采用的方案和相应的设计与校核水位。然后进入主要建筑物设计。确定枢纽的组
2、成建筑物，包括挡水建筑物、泄水建筑物、水电站等。在定性分析的基础上，确定出大坝的型式。在第一主要建筑物设计阶段，确定出大坝的基本剖面和轮廓尺寸，拟定地基的处理方案和坝身构造。之后依次进行了细部构造设计、稳定计算、材料力学法分析、应力有限元法和渗流计算，从各个方面验证了设计剖面的可行性。在设计坝体断面时，必须本着重力坝依靠自身重量来维持结构稳定的原则。本次设计中，下游面坡度是一致的，和上游面交于水库设计洪水位处。坝体上游面垂直，只在坝踵附近有陡的折坡，溢流坝上游顶部有倒悬。重力坝坝体的应力以材料力学法分析，坝体稳定的条件是坝体和坝基的最大应力须在坝段混凝土和坝基岩石的容许应力范围之内。重力坝以材
3、料力学法分析，它可以直接求出坝体横剖面边界之内的任何一点的应力。坝体稳定的条件是坝体和坝基的最大应力须在坝段混凝土和坝基岩石的容许应力范围之内。溢流坝段的分析也是一样。其次为第二主要建筑物设计。确定出泄水建筑物的结构型式和轮廓尺寸，进行选线布置。进行水力计算，从挑距和冲刷深度等方面验证设计型式的可行性。并进行细部构造设计。本次设计我掌握了碾压混凝土重力坝的设计方法，了解了这样一个水利工程项目建设的主要步骤，完成了专业知识从理论学习到实际运用的过渡，体会了身为一个水利项目设计者所需要具备的品质和担负的责任，这些必将在我今后的工作中起到关键性的指导作用。关键词：碾压混凝土重力坝有限单元法RCCIA
4、bstractThe design is designed for one river water controlproject lying to the Southwest of China and the dam construction is emphasized . After making and evaluating alternative economic estimates of the possible type of dam, we chose the type of high RCCD.The spillway is a necessary discharge struc
5、ture for a river project, which is used to discharge the excess flood that the reservoir can not accommodate so as to guarantee the project retaining structure and other structure security run. Usually the gravity dam installs spillway in the crest. The selection of the reservoir inflow design flood
6、 must be based on an adequate study of the hydrologic factors of the basin and then to decide the spillway size. The routing of the flow past the dam requires a reasonably conservative designto avoid loss of life and property damage. The design of the blood calculus based on the water balance, and I
7、 used the list algorithm, find out the best one in the practicable spilling alternatives, with their design water level and check water level together.Then it is the main structure design grade. the parts of project are defined, consisting of blocking structure ,spillway structure ,hydropower statio
8、n, and so on. The dam type is defined based on the qualitative analysis.The basis cross section and the outline dimension is defined in the first main structure design grade. The processing alternative of the dam foundation and the construction of the dam body is formulated in the same time. After t
9、his, the feasibility of design construction is verified from detail construction plan , infiltrating stability analysis , gravity methods analyzed, FEM theory ,seepage compute.When we design the cross section of a gravity dam, we must rely on the principle that a gravity dam depends on its own weigh
10、t for structural stability. In this design, the downstream face is uniform slope and would intersect the upstream face at the maximum reservoir level. The upstream face is normally vertical excepting for steep batter near the heel.I used mechanics of materials to analyze the stress of the gravity da
11、m. For the gravity dam to be stable, maximum stresses in the dam section and the foundation should be within the permissible stress of the concrete used in the dam section and the foundation rock respectively.Gravity dams can be analyzed by gravity methods. It provides a direct method of calculating
12、 stresses at any point within the boundaries of a transverse section of the dam.Then the author has made a particular analysis and research in the basis of theFEM theory with a project practice and literatures research. After that, study on the FEM theory cited by the analysis of the seepage. The au
13、thor has analyzed its seepage-control measures and seepage characteristics.The design has enabled us to grasp the method of RCCD and know the main steps of the construction water project. In practice, I achieve the professional knowledge of the theoretical study and know the necessary responsibility and factors as a water project designer. These experiences will definitely play a instructive role in my future work.Keywords : RCCD; finite element method (FEM);RCCIII目录摘要I第一章 综合说明. - 1 -1.1 枢纽任务. - 1 -1.1.1 发电. - 1 -1.1.2 防洪. - 1 -1.1.3 航运. - 1 -1.2 设计要求. - 1 -1.3 工程特性表.
