1、摘 要A江水利枢纽同时兼有防洪,发电,灌溉,渔业等综合作用,水库正常蓄水位183.5m,设计洪水位184.76m,校核洪水位187.98m,汛前限制水位182m,死水位164m,尾水位103.5m。水库死库容9.3亿m3,总库容12亿m3。A江水利枢纽工程等别为一等,工程规模为大(1)型工程,主要建筑物级别为1级,次要建筑物级别为3级,临时性建筑物级别为4级。A江水利枢纽的主要组成建筑物有挡水建筑物,主副厂房,泄水建筑物,过木筏道等。挡水建筑物是一变圆心变外半径的双曲拱坝,坝顶弧长335m,最大坝高98m,坝底厚26m,坝顶宽8m。泄水建筑物由两个浅孔和两个中孔组成:浅孔位于两岸,孔口宽9.0
2、m,高8.5m,进口底高程为164m,出口底高程为154m;中孔位于水电站进水口两侧,孔口宽7.5m,高7.5m,进口底高程为135m,出口底高程为130m。在坝身泄水孔的上下游侧分别布置检修闸门和工作闸门,检修闸门采用平板门,工作闸门采用弧形闸门,在每一个工作闸门的上方有启闭机房,浅孔启闭机房高程为170m,中孔启闭机房高程为150m。泄槽支撑结构采用框架式结构。坎顶高程为118m,浅孔反弧半径为40m,中孔反弧半径为50m。泄槽直线段的坡度与孔身底部坡度一致,挑射角=14o,导墙厚度为1m, 浅孔导墙高度为7.5m,中孔导墙高度为9m。坝后式厂房装有4台5万kw的发电机组,主厂房长81m,
3、宽18m,副厂房长66m,宽10m,安装场长21m,宽18m。压力管道的直径为4.5m,进水口底高程为152.3m。发电机层高程为114.8m,尾水管底高程为90.8m,厂房进水口底高程为152.3m。为防止坝基渗漏,在坝基靠近上游侧进行帷幕灌浆,并且为了减少坝基的扬压力,在灌浆帷幕之后设置排水孔。为了防止混凝土产生裂缝,拱坝坝体设置横缝,横缝面上需设置键槽,以咬合加固,增强坝体的抗剪能力。当底宽在4050m以上的拱坝,才考虑设置纵横缝,而本设计中,拱坝坝底宽为26m,小于40m,故可不设置纵缝。关键词: A江 双曲拱坝 对冲消能 泄槽 坝后厂房Abstract Ajiang hydrocom
4、plex play parts in flood control,water power,irrigation,water conservancy related fisheries,and so on.The reservoir normal water level is 183.5m,design flood level is 184.76m,maximum flood level is 187.98m,flood control level is 182m,dead water level is 164m,and tailwater level of hydropower station
5、 is 103.5m.The dead reservoir capacity is 930,000,000m3,and the total reservoir capacity is 1,200,000,000 m3. The hydraulic engineering grade is Grade I. The hydroproject is consist of water retaining structure,power house,auxiliary room,sluice structure,raft sluice,and so on. The water retaining st
6、ructure is a double curvature arch dam.The length of the axis of crest dam is about 320m.Maximum height of the dam is 98m,the thickness of the bottom of the dam is 26m,and the width of the top of the dam is 8m. The release structure is comprised of 2 mid-level outlet and 2 short-level outlet.The wid
7、th of the mid-level outlet is 9.0m,and the height is 8.5m;the width of the short-level outlet is 7.5m,and the height is7.5m.The upstream and the downstream side of every outlet are a bulkhead gate and a operating gate which is a radial gate.There is a room where a gate hoist is put above every servi
8、ce gate.The two rooms which are above the mid-level outlet service gate are at an elevation of 150 metres,and the other two rooms are at an elevation of 170 metres.The intake of the mid-level outlet is at an elevation of 135 metres,and the intake of the short-level outlet is at an elevation of 164 m
9、etres. The type of the power house is at damtoe.The dimensions of the power house and the auxiliary room are 81m18m and 66m10m.The generator floor is at an elevation of 114.8 metres,and the bottom of the draft tube is at an elevation of 90.8 metres,and the intake of hydropower station is at an eleva
10、tion of 152.3 metres. In case of leakage of the dam foundation,there is grouting curtain at the base of the dam,behind which there are drainage holes which decrease the uplift pressure of the dam foundation. In radial directions there are transverse joints in which there are keys,and because the thi
11、ckness of the bottom of the dam is smaller than 4050 metres,there is no longitudinal joint.Key words: river A vaulted dam impact-type energy dissipater chute spillway powerhouse after the dam目 录摘 要- 1 -ABSTRACT- 2 -第一章 综合说明- 5 -1.1 概述- 5 -1.1.1 枢纽概述- 5 -1.1.2 设计要求- 5 -第二章 设计资料- 7 -2.1 枢纽任务- 7 -2.2 基
12、本资料- 7 -2.2.1 自然地理- 7 -2.2.2 工程地质- 9 -2.2.3 筑坝材料- 10 -2.2.4 库区经济及其它- 11 -第三章 枢纽主要建筑物的型式与总体布置- 11 -3.1 工程等级及技术规范设计标准- 11 -3.1.1 工程等级- 11 -3.1.2 技术规范- 12 -3.1.3 洪水标准- 12 -3.2 调洪演算及设计基本数据- 12 -3.2.1 调洪演算的目的- 12 -3.2.2 调洪演算的原理- 12 -3.2.3 计算方法- 14 -3.2.4泄洪方案的选择- 14 -3.3 枢纽组成建筑物- 17 -3.4 坝型选择- 18 -3.4.1 坝
13、型初选- 18 -3.4.2方案比较- 19 -3.4.3 坝体形态选择- 20 -3.5 泄水建筑物型式选择- 21 -3.6 厂房及引水系统布置- 21 -3.7 枢纽总体布置- 21 -第四章 拱坝设计- 22 -4.1拱坝型式及布置- 22 -4.1.1拱坝剖面设计- 22 -4.1.2拱坝的布置- 23 -4.2 荷载及其组合- 24 -4.2.1 荷载及计算- 24 -4.2.2 荷载组合- 28 -4.3 计算原理和计算方法- 29 -4.3.1 计算原理- 29 -4.3.2 计算方法- 30 -4.4 应力与强度分析(电算,手算)- 31 -4.4.1 应力控制指标- 31
14、-4.4.2 电算- 31 -4.4.3 手算- 32 -4.5 坝肩稳定验算- 35 -4.5.1 验算原理- 35 -4.5.2 验算工况- 37 -4.5.3 验算结果- 37 -第五章泄水建筑物设计- 38 -5.1 基本资料- 38 -5.2 泄水建筑物组成与布置- 38 -5.3 泄槽设计- 38 -5.3.1 泄槽尺寸- 38 -5.4 消能与防冲- 40 -5.5泄水孔口应力及配筋- 42 -第六章 坝体细部构造及地基处理- 45 -6.1 坝体构造与细部结构设计- 45 -6.1.1 坝体与坝面- 45 -6.1.2 坝体分缝- 45 -6.1.3 坝内廊道和坝后工作桥- 4
15、5 -6.2 坝基处理- 46 -6.2.1 坝基处理的一般要求- 46 -6.2.2 地基的处理和开挖- 46 -6.2.3 坝基排水孔- 48 -参考文献- 49 -第一章 综合说明1.1 概述1.1.1 枢纽概述 A江是我国东南地区的一条河流, 流向自西向东,流经A省南部地区,汇入东海,干流全长153km,流域面积4860平方公里。根椐流域规划拟建一水电站。本设计任务是对A江水利枢纽进行设计。A江水利枢纽是一项同时兼顾防洪,发电,灌溉,渔业等综合作用的水利工程。坝址以上流域面积2761平方公里, 水库正常蓄水位为183.5m,汛前限制水位为182m,死水位为164m,设计水位为184.76m,校核水位为187.98m。 电站多年平均发电量为5.09亿度,正常蓄水位时,水库面积为35.60平方公里,为发展养殖创造了有利条件,同时增加保灌面积50万亩。A江水利枢纽的主要组成建筑物有拦河大坝,坝后式厂房,泄水建筑物,过木筏道,开关站以及上坝公路等。拦河大坝为双曲拱坝,最大坝高为97m,主体工程量约为32万方左右,坝顶宽8m,坝顶长约3