1、毕 业 设 计（论 文）外 文 参 考 资 料 及 译 文译文题目：Wireless Sensor Enabled Public Transportation System 无线传感器在公共交通系统上的应用 学生姓名： 学号： 专业： 所在学院： 指导教师： 职称： 20xx年 02 月 25 日说明：要求学生结合毕业设计（论文）课题参阅一篇以上的外文资料，并翻译至少一万印刷符（或译出3千汉字）以上的译文。译文原则上要求打印（如手写，一律用400字方格稿纸书写），连同学校提供的统一封面及英文原文装订，于毕业设计（论文）工作开始后2周内完成，作为成绩考核的一部分。外文原文Wireless Sen
2、sor Enabled PublicTransportation SystemAbstractAutomatic Vehicle Identification (AVI) in real time is becoming an urgent necessity due to rapid increase in the number of vehicles on roads. The Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) Technology can be used for vehicle identification to gather informati
3、on in real-time from roads by getting the vehicles location from RFID readers placed in the vehicle. This paper focuses on designing the Public Vehicle Location System (PVLS). The proposed structure consists of passive RFID tags placed at various locations on the chosen route, RFID reader on the Bus
4、, wireless communication with a PC and commanding software (RFID reader and database structure), also PVLS applications and website. The designed system controls, manages and monitors the performance of RFID readers. It also filters and stores the information in an appropriate format so that it coul
5、d be used without difficulty in the application system and website. The system implemented by using RFID is placed in the Bus which is programmed by Visual C# 2008 with Compact .Net Framework.Keywords：RFID, Vehicle, Location, Tracking, Public Transpor1. IntroductionThe value of time is precious in t
6、odays fast paced community and nobody can afford to waste long hours waiting for a public transport 1. Due to this time crunch, it will be of convenience to the public if the precise arrival information, real time status, travel duration, etc., are available so that they can choose other alternative
7、s. Presently, one cannot completely rely on the fixed bus timings provided by Bus Companies on their websites as factors such as traffic and in some cases, accidents, delay the arrival of buses. Management of bus schedules at the bus stations thus becomes very difficult and unpredictable. Hence, the
8、re is an urgent need to develop an efficient tracking system to satisfy the needs of the commuters. RFID evidently is not a new technology; rather its origin dates back to World War II2. It is a programmed identification technology that allows for noncontact reading of data, thereby making it attrac
9、tive for vehicles3.It is usually operated with a tiny battery. The network lifetime is mainly affected by the targeted application and capacity of the battery. Hence, minimizing communications among the nodes is one of the essential requirements in designing a network of wireless sensor nodes4. When
10、 Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technologies are coupled to a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN), new features are provided such as tracking，identification and localization. An RFID tag is incorporated into the object to be tracked or localized using radio signals. Among the various applications t
11、hat can benefit from RFID-based localization and tracking technologies, vehicle identification and tracking appears to be a promising field5 6.An RFID tag is attached to a vehicle which is identified as soon as it enters the RFID readers range. The data stored in the tags memory are captured by the
12、reader and transmitted to a server through a public or private network. The rest of the paper is organized as follows: Section 2 explains the RIFD Technology; Section 3 discusses the structure of PVLS based on RFID; Section 4 describes system software and data gathering; Section 5 gives the applicat
13、ion of PVLS; Finally, the conclusion is given in Section 6.Related WorkIn an endeavor to improve efficiency and security in transport systems, research is being done on RFID technology in different applications such as smart electronic parking, electronic ticketing, toll collection, virtual route tr
14、acking, and digital traffic light control and with some other RFID applications4 7. The following literatures are several designs of such systems researched and implemented.The location determination methods most commonly used in vehicles are communication mechanisms such as GSM, GPRS, GPS and a sat
15、ellite. The GSM and GPRS coverage in remote locations is usually poor and the GPS system does not function well in areas which do not have proper line-of-sight to a GPS satellite8-10. In environments where GPS illumination is poor and weak, other wireless technologies can be implemented. RFID systems can be employed to determine the location of assets or objects in real time. The location data given from GPS devices is from a distance of 10 to 15 meters which is not precise. The PVLS designed using RFID technology in the project gives better results com
